防腐耐磨高熵合金涂层研究进展%Research Progress on the Tribo-and Corrosion-Resistant High-entropy Alloy Coatings
华北水利水电大学土木与交通学院,河南省基础设施腐蚀防控重点实验室,郑州 450046;河南省科学院化学研究所,郑州 450046;河南省科学院,郑州 450046 河南省科学院化学研究所,郑州 450046;河南省科学院,郑州 450046 中国水利水电第十一工程局有限公司,郑州 450001
2026-02-05
高熵合金涂层 制备技术 腐蚀 磨损 磨蚀
在过去的20年里,作为高熵合金材料的研究热点,高熵合金涂层因比传统涂层表现出更为独特的物理化学特性,如优异的耐腐蚀性、耐磨性和良好的机械强度,而在材料科学领域引起广泛关注.本综述旨在总结当前防腐耐磨高熵合金涂层的研究进展,主要介绍高熵合金的基本概念与常用定义,分析热力学相形成准则,探讨不同制备技术(如激光熔覆、热喷涂、磁控溅射等)的工艺特点及其对高熵合金涂层微观结构和性能的影响.相对于高熵合金块体材料的制备技术,高熵合金涂层的制备方法更易实现快速冷却,使涂层倾向于形成固溶体或非晶相而具备更为优异的综合性能.通过调整合金成分和优化制备工艺参数,可显著提高高熵合金涂层的防腐和耐磨性能.最后,综述了高熵合金涂层在耐腐蚀、耐磨以及磨蚀性能方面的研究现状,分析了当前面临的机遇与挑战,并对未来研究方向及应用前景进行了展望.%In the past 20 years,as a research hotspot in high-entropy alloy materials,high-entropy alloy coatings have attracted widespread attention in the field of materials science due to their unique physical and chemical properties,such as excellent corrosion resistance,wear resistance,and good mechanical strength,compared to traditional coatings.This review aims to summarize the current research progress on the tribo-and corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy coatings,introduce the basic concepts and commonly used definitions of high-entropy alloys,analyze the thermodynamic phase formation criteria,and explore the process characteristics of different preparation techniques(such as laser cladding,ther-mal spraying,magnetron sputtering,etc.)as well as their effects on the microstructure and properties of high-entropy alloy coatings.Compared to the preparation technology of high-entropy alloy bulk materials,the preparation method of high-entropy alloy coatings is easier to achieve rapid cooling,making the coating tend to form solid solutions or amorphous phases,which have better comprehensive performance.By adjusting the alloy composition and optimizing the preparation process parameters,the anti-corrosion and wear resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings can be significantly improved.Finally,the research status of high-entropy alloy coatings in terms of corrosion resistance,wear resistance,and abrasion resistance are summarized,and the opportunities and challenges currently faced are analyzed.The future research directions and application prospects are also discussed.
